Guest post by Brian Clark Howard, The Daily Green
Although we now have (debatably) decent boxed wine, screw tops and machine-printed customized bottle labeling, the ancient art of winemaking hasn't really changed a whole lot through the centuries. However, among the most exciting developments in recent years are the rapidly growing areas of organic and biodynamic wines.
As it turns out that grapes are actually among the most pesticide-laden produce. In California, for example, where 90 percent of domestic wines are produced, grapes receive more pesticides than any other crop: 59 million pounds in 1995 alone, according to Californians for Pesticide Reform. It is no wonder more and more concerned folks are filling their glasses more often with organic wine.
What does that mean? It means more sustainable farming, without synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. Luckily, while not perfect, USDA organic seals do indicate a set of rigorous standards — even if they aren't always obvious to understand. "100% organic" wine carries the USDA seal, and must be made from 100% organically grown ingredients, monitored throughout the entire production process. This wine can contain only naturally occurring sulfites (or sulfur dioxide, an antimicrobial substance) in less than 100 parts per million (ppm).
So-called "organic" wine must contain 95% organically grown ingredients (the other 5% must not be available organically). As with the previous category the certifying agency must be listed and the wine has the same sulfite requirements. A wine can also be labeled "Made with Organic Grapes" or "Made with Organic Ingredients," in which case the beverage must contain at least 70% organic ingredients. It can have artificial sulfites added, but it may not contain more than 100 ppm. (It does not have the USDA organic seal.)
In addition, the emerging sector of biodynamic wine has been turning the heads of critics and winning over fans for some time. Biodynamic agriculture is based on the precise observation and an attempt at balance of nature, a concept originated by the early 20th-century Austrian philosopher Rudolf Steiner.
This means biodynamic wine is not only 100% organic, but its producers have gone further to try to bring the farming process more closely in tune with nature. For instance, biodynamic wine growers may make their own compost and/or watch the stars and planets to time what they do.
The good news is that organic and biodynamic wines are becoming much more widely available, as well as reasonably priced. You can find them at better restaurants, large wine shops and liquor stores and at a growing number of vineyards. (There's even an organic wine of the month club!) Also check out these 6 organic and biodynamic wines great for summer.
If the past few years are anything to go on, it seems likely that eco-friendly wines will continue to mature and diversify. They are slowly beginning to win over even the most traditional chefs, sommeliers and critics. A number of vineyards are also stepping up recycling, installing wind turbines and solar panels, reusing waste and other green initiatives, so it's an exciting time.
You've probably heard that wine, in moderation, can have many benefits, from reducing stress and risk of heart disease to possibly providing some defense against cancer. By reaching for organic and biodynamic, you'll be toasting to the health of farm workers (who don't have to work with toxic pesticides), as well as wildlife and the environment. Cheers!